The Millenium Development Goals
In September 2000 at the Millennium Summit, the Government of Indonesia, along with 188 others, signed the UN Millennium Declaration, an ambitious agenda committing the nation to reducing poverty, improving health and education, and promoting peace, human rights and environmental sustainability. A set of development goals, known as the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), emerged out of the Declaration, setting specific, measurable targets to be achieved by 2015. As a signatory, the Government of Indonesia has made a commitment to take action to realize these goals and to monitor progress towards their achievement.
Each goal is associated with a number of specific targets, using 1990 as a benchmark, may have one or more indicators.
1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
Target for 2015: Halve the proportion of people living on less than dollar a day and those who suffer from hunger.
2. Achieve universal primary education
Target for 2015: Ensure that all boys and girls complete primary school.
3. Promote gender equality and empower women
Targets for 2005 and 2015: Eliminate gender disparities in primary and secondary education preferably by 2005, and at all levels by 2015.
4. Reduce child mortality
Target for 2015: Reduce by two-thirds the mortality rate among children under five.
5. Improve maternal health
Target for 2015: Reduce by three-quarters the ratio of women dying in childbirth.
6. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases
Target for 2015: Halt and begin to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS and the incidence of malaria and other major diseases.
7. Ensure environmental sustainability
Targets:
* Integrate the principles of sustainable development into country policies and programmes and reverse the loss of environmental resources.
* By 2015, reduce by half the proportion of people without access to safe drinking water.
* By 2020 achieve significant improvement in the lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers.
8. Develop a global partnership for development
Targets:
* Develop further an open trading and financial system that includes a commitment to good governance, development and poverty reduction nationally and internationally.
* Address the least developed countries’ special needs, and the special needs of landlocked and small island developing States.
* Deal comprehensively with developing countries’ debt problems.
* Develop decent and productive work for youth.
* In cooperation with pharmaceutical companies, provide access to affordable essential drugs in developing countries.
* In cooperation with the private sector, make available the benefits of new technologies – especially information and communications technologies.
These targets express the collective commitment of the international community to focus development co-operation and global governance on the eradication of extreme poverty. They have been taken particularly seriously by key multilateral agencies (including the UN system and the World Bank) and by some bilateral.
References:
ODI, “The Millennium Development Goals and the use of Targets in development policy” online: http://www.odi.org.uk/mdg/, 2005
Satterthwaite, David (ed), “The Millennium Development Goals and Local Processes: booklet”; IIED, 2003. available online: http://www.iied.org/docs/mdg/MDG-booklet.pdf
UNDP, “Indonesia Progress Report on the Millenium Development Goals”, online: http://www.undp.or.id/pubs/imdg2004/ , 2005
Each goal is associated with a number of specific targets, using 1990 as a benchmark, may have one or more indicators.
1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
Target for 2015: Halve the proportion of people living on less than dollar a day and those who suffer from hunger.
2. Achieve universal primary education
Target for 2015: Ensure that all boys and girls complete primary school.
3. Promote gender equality and empower women
Targets for 2005 and 2015: Eliminate gender disparities in primary and secondary education preferably by 2005, and at all levels by 2015.
4. Reduce child mortality
Target for 2015: Reduce by two-thirds the mortality rate among children under five.
5. Improve maternal health
Target for 2015: Reduce by three-quarters the ratio of women dying in childbirth.
6. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases
Target for 2015: Halt and begin to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS and the incidence of malaria and other major diseases.
7. Ensure environmental sustainability
Targets:
* Integrate the principles of sustainable development into country policies and programmes and reverse the loss of environmental resources.
* By 2015, reduce by half the proportion of people without access to safe drinking water.
* By 2020 achieve significant improvement in the lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers.
8. Develop a global partnership for development
Targets:
* Develop further an open trading and financial system that includes a commitment to good governance, development and poverty reduction nationally and internationally.
* Address the least developed countries’ special needs, and the special needs of landlocked and small island developing States.
* Deal comprehensively with developing countries’ debt problems.
* Develop decent and productive work for youth.
* In cooperation with pharmaceutical companies, provide access to affordable essential drugs in developing countries.
* In cooperation with the private sector, make available the benefits of new technologies – especially information and communications technologies.
These targets express the collective commitment of the international community to focus development co-operation and global governance on the eradication of extreme poverty. They have been taken particularly seriously by key multilateral agencies (including the UN system and the World Bank) and by some bilateral.
References:
ODI, “The Millennium Development Goals and the use of Targets in development policy” online: http://www.odi.org.uk/mdg/, 2005
Satterthwaite, David (ed), “The Millennium Development Goals and Local Processes: booklet”; IIED, 2003. available online: http://www.iied.org/docs/mdg/MDG-booklet.pdf
UNDP, “Indonesia Progress Report on the Millenium Development Goals”, online: http://www.undp.or.id/pubs/imdg2004/ , 2005
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